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Wallex Industry Insights: Philippines
The Philippines is well known as a hub for BPO (business process outsourcing) and for the strength of its tourism industry. What is not as well known is that the creative economy is one of the country’s latest and most promising growth sectors.
In 2022, the creative economy grew 12% year-on-year and was estimated at around PHP 1.60 trillion. It currently contributes about 7.3% to the country's GDP and employs approximately seven million Filipinos. It was the second top-performing economic sector in 2023 in terms of growth, with a stunning year-on-year growth of 15.5%.
So what exactly does the creative economy include? What is being done to support its growth? How can it make a difference for your business? We answer all these questions in this edition of the Wallex Industry Insights!
What is the Creative Economy in the Philippines?
The creative economy in the Philippines refers to the different industries that intersect creativity, culture, and commerce. According to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), the sector encompasses motion picture production and distribution, animation, radio and television activities, sound recording activities, dance, theatrical, and concert productions, sculpting and painting, sports, museums and galleries, and other entertainment and cultural activities.
It also includes advertising, architecture, arts and crafts, design, film and video, music, performing arts, publishing, software, games, and interactive media.
🔑 Read More: Wallex Industry Insights: Japan
Understanding the Economic Engine of the Philippines
Because the creative economy spans such a vast number of categories, it plays a vital role in the Philippines' economic growth and contributes to job creation, tourism development, and foreign exchange earnings in currencies including SGD, USD, AUD and MYR.
In terms of output, symbols, images and other related activities accounted for 32.9% or PHP 528.35 billion to the total creative economy in 2022. This surpassed the entire size of the creative economy in 2021, which stood at PHP 480.41 billion, by 10%. Advertising, research and development, and other artistic service activities contributed 20.8% while digital interactive goods and service activities represented 20.3% of the creative economy.
The Philippine creative economy is characterised by its diverse and vibrant cultural heritage, rich traditions, and innovative spirit. Filipino creatives have been recognized globally for their talent, ingenuity, and passion.
Growth of the Creative Economy in the Philippines
The creative economy in the Philippines has experienced substantial growth in recent years with a CAGR of 11.2% from 2015 to 2019. Based on the Philippine Statistics Authority, the creative economy's contribution to the country's GDP increased from 7.34% in 2013 to an estimated 7.91% in 2019, showing its significance as a driver of economic growth.
The film, music, graphic design, and advertising industries have been at the forefront of the creative economy's growth. For instance, the Philippines' animation and game development industries have also flourished, with annual revenues of approximately $200 million. In addition, digital content creation and social media have opened up channels for Filipino creatives, which contributed to the creative industry's growth.
The potential for further development of the creative economy in the Philippines is vast. Collaboration with various industries such as tourism, manufacturing, and technology, could enhance the sector's capabilities even more. In addition, the rise of creative spaces and co-working areas in the country can provide platforms for professionals to network and showcase their work, ultimately contributing to industry expansion.
Government Support for the Creative Economy
The Philippine government recognises the importance of the creative economy and is committed to supporting its growth. To this end, various initiatives have been implemented to promote and nurture creative industries and encourage innovation.
Implementation of Government Policies
Several measures have been taken by the government in a bid to support the continued development of the creative economy. In 2022, the Philippines Creative Industries Development Act was enacted with a goal to spearhead the development and promotion of the country's creative industries in the Philippines. The Act will build programmes that creates opportunities and employment, nurtures talent, establishes financial-enabling mechanisms, and provides incentives to encourage and sustain Filipino excellence in the creative industries.
Under the Act, entities from the creative industries may tap on the research and development (R&D) support programme of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) that provides financial support to projects addressing the industry's needs through science and technology interventions. They will also be granted access to digital services and training platforms.
One notable step is the setting up of the Creative Voucher System to provide a systematic way of granting support, aid, and other incentives to creative industry entities - with a preference towards MSMEs. Creative vouchers will be issued to stakeholders from business support organisations and creative workers associations in the creative industries, which makes them eligible to receive the support, aid, and incentives from the various government agencies.
Extensive Funding Programs
The Philippine government provides funding assistance to creative industries through various programs. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), for instance, had announced a PHP 20 million fund for 2023 to give startups in the creative industry a jumpstart.
However, the DTI is currently seeking more funding for the creative sector to maintain the country's regional lead in exporting creative services. Previously, the DTI received over PHP 400 million from the 2023 budget for the industry, and is now requesting up to PHP 600 million for 2024. The funds are earmarked for programmes that will promote creative industries at the city and municipality level, capacity-building, market intelligence reports, and a creative venture fund.
The DTI also offers the Pondo sa Pagbabago at Pag-asenso (P3) program, which provides the most underserved entrepreneurs across the country with low-cost loans at only 2.5% interest per month.
The Malikhaing Pinoy Program
To foster a vibrant and conducive environment for creativity to flourish, the Philippine Creative Industries Development Council (PCIDC) came up with the 'Malikhaing Pinoy Program' (Creative Philippines), consisting of multiple strategic programmes including infrastructure development, digitalisation initiatives, establishment of creative cities, and assistance for exports and investments.
The DTI has already spearheaded efforts with the Fiesta Haraya'— regional creative festivals held across the nation as a platform for local artistic communities and talents to showcase their skills and creativity through exhibitions, training sessions, and conferences.
Another initiative is the 'Lunsod Lunsad Program', which aims to contribute to the establishment of more creative cities by enriching cultural and creative landscapes. It seeks to empower creative sectors as a driving force for socio-economic growth within local communities.
🔑 Read More: MYR Economic Insights: A Trade Statistics Special
How international businesses can tap on the creative economy in the Philippines?
While the creative economy encompasses a vast range of activities and services, the ones that businesses are more likely to be interested in include architecture, advertising services, publishing, audiovisual and digital media, as well as software and game development.
Collaborating with Filipino companies specialising in these capabilities can give you a serious leg up on the competition with fresh perspectives, unique ideas, allowing you to differentiate your business from competitors and attract customers who are seeking something new and exciting – and all for a fraction of the cost.
Additionally, the creative economy can open up new international markets for your business. For example, if you are a regional business looking to expand into the Philippines or tap on the country’s creative talents, you will need to pay in PHP. This means converting SGD to PHP, USD to PHP, AUD to PHP, or EUR to PHP for smoother transactions.
🔑 Read More: Businesses Who Transformed Their Cross-Border Payments Experience With Wallex
Capture the Philippines’ creative spark for your business with Wallex
Wallex is designed to help businesses like yours convert and send money to the Philippines with better speed, support and savings. Our fully digital platform makes payments to the Philippines fast and seamless, whether you’re converting SGD to PHP, USD to PHP, AUD to PHP, or other currencies.
Settlements take no more than two business days and with our global network of liquidity providers you’ll get the most competitive FX rates, zero hidden fees, and maximum savings.
What truly makes Wallex the ideal partner for your cross-border needs is the support you’ll enjoy from your dedicated Account Manager. They will always be ready to support your business’s needs, assist to expedite urgent transactions, and address any issues you face.
Are you ready to capture the Philippines’ creative spark? Speak with us today!
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How Could De-dollarisation Disrupt the Global Economy?
While it has yet to happen on a significant level, there are murmurs of de-dollarisation among nations who want to reduce their reliance on the US dollar. If such a movement were to gain momentum it could have significant implications for the global economic situation.
In this article, we will take a look at what some of these implications may be, how it affects other currencies, the way nations and businesses transact, and more.
Key Takeaways:
- De-dollarisation is the process of a country reducing its reliance on the USD in international transactions
- Such strategies may be motivated by concerns over the United States’ fiscal policies, economic performance, and geopolitical hostilities
- De-dollarisation could trigger market instability and shift the dynamics of cross-border trade
Understanding de-dollarisation
De-dollarisation refers to the process in which countries reduce their dependence on the US dollar and diversify their currency reserves. This movement has already gained some traction in recent years, with several countries taking steps to shift away from the USD in their economic dealings.
However, the US dollar has been the world’s reserve currency for over 70 years. Why would a country want to take the potentially risky decision to move away what is traditionally considered to the a safe haven?
Let's look at some key reasons.
1. Fears over stability
As it stands, the USD is the dominant currency in the world, and was used in nearly 80% of global trade between 1999 and 2019. This gives the US a huge amount of power when it comes to setting interest rates, trade policies and other economic factors. But this, alongside concerns over inflation and the United States' budget deficit, may create large fluctuations in its value, which can be concerning for countries who hold significant amounts of USD.
2. Geopolitical tensionand hostilities
Among other tensions, the United States and its partners such as the EU are often at loggerheads with countries such as China, Iran and Russia, which typically result in trade sanctions being levied. Countries on the receiving end of these sanctions would have reduced access global markets, causing economic disruption.
3. Rising economic competition
Being the second largest economy in the world has made the Chinese yuan one of the biggest threats to the USD, and the country is also actively leading heading efforts to accelerate the movement, particularly alongside its peers in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China South Africa) nations, who account for 26% of the global economy. Increasingly, more countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Indonesia are also looking to join the bloc.
4. Cryptocurrencies
Another factor catalysing de-dollarisation is the emergence of cryptocurrencies, which many feel may potentially be an alternative to fiat. Some, like Bitcoin, are fully decentralised and insulated from interference by institutions like central banks, making them an attractive alternative. Already, countries like Venezuela have fully embraced Bitcoin in their bid to de-dollarise, and Honduras has set up a special economic zone where Bitcoin is accepted as legal tender.
Potential impacts of de-dollarisation on the global economy
No one can say for certain what can happen in a world where the USD is not the de facto currency because there are many variables to consider, such as the extent of de-dollarisation, and which currencies emerge to take its place, if any.
In the hypothethical event that the US dollar is ever dethroned, there is little doubt that global financial markets will be thrust into turmoil, with the scenarios below being potential outcomes.
Reshape hierarchy between currencies
De-dollarisation could fundamentally alter the balance of power among different currencies in the global financial system. Should nations ever actively distance themselves from the USD, currencies from some of the largest economies or blocs could gain greater prominence in international transactions, particularly those of major economies such as the euro, yen, and yuan.
- Euro: The euro could become the primary currency for trade within the European Union and could also gain greater acceptance for international transactions.
- Yen: The yen may benefit from Japan's position as a major creditor nation and its role as a hub for financial markets in Asia.
- Yuan: The yuan could become a more widely used currency for international transactions, particularly in Asia, as China seeks to strengthen its economic and financial influence.
Currently, the USD, the euro, the yen, the pound sterling, and the Swiss franc are the primary reserve currencies, with the USD making up nearly 60% of total global foreign exchange reserves. If the de-dollarisation movement ever gains pace, other currencies may take its spot. For instance, China's yuan has become increasingly popular in international payments and could emerge as a viable substitute.
The transition to alternative reserve currencies could lead to changes in the structure of the international monetary system. Multilateral efforts might arise to create mechanisms for stabilising and coordinating different reserve currencies. These efforts could involve the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other international organisations coming together to ensure the stability and liquidity of the global financial system in the absence of a single dominant currency.
🔑Read more: Foreign Exchange (Forex) Rates: How Do They Actually Work?
Introduce market volatility and instability
Exchange rate fluctuations between the USD and other currencies could trigger significant movements in currency markets, impacting international trade competitiveness, cross-border investments, and even triggering speculative trading. Such exchange rate volatility can create uncertainty for businesses and investors, affecting their risk management strategies and decision-making processes.
Capital flows would almost certainly be affected as investors reassess their portfolios in response to changing currency dynamics.
Financial institutions and governments are likely to respond by developing new risk management frameworks. Hedging mechanisms such as currency swaps, options, and forward contracts, might become more prominent, and new financial instruments may even emerge.
Shift dynamics of cross-border trade
Almost immediately, there would be newfound complexities over the way nations approach existing trade agreements and frameworks. Without a standard underlying currency, they would have to renegotiate, redraw, or even reconsider these contracts, which could hurt employment, agricultural output, manufacturing and more on both sides of the equation.
Businesses might also have to prepare themselves for higher transaction costs because now, they would need to convert currencies more often and navigate more complex payment systems. The use of multiple currencies and settlement systems could also make international transactions more complex and less efficient.
Complications are likely to arise in the commodities market where oil, gold, grain, and others are usually quoted in USD. The shift to another currency may make trading difficult, with other consequences that range from trade imbalances to supply chain shortages and even food security concerns.
One bright spot that de-dollarisation shines on trade is that it could potentially open up new markets and opportunities for countries that have never been heavily reliant on the USD. Gaining new access to diverse currency markets could promote economic growth and diversification for these countries and pave the way for stronger financial inclusion worldwide.
Accelerate adoption of cryptocurrencies
In a world where the dollar is no longer king, there is a possibility that digital currencies will play an important role in international transactions. One of the primary advantages of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin is its decentralised nature, making it less susceptible to government or central bank interference.
Bitcoin has already emerged as a potential alternative to traditional fiat currencies in international transactions. In recent years, many cryptocurrency exchanges have begun offering services to facilitate cross-border payments, allowing users to send and receive funds in various digital currencies, making it a viable option for those seeking to reduce their reliance on traditional banking systems and fiat currencies.
Moreover, cryptocurrencies may also provide a solution to the challenges posed by fluctuating exchange rates and the costs associated with currency conversion. As digital currencies become more widely accepted, they could help to streamline international transactions and reduce overhead costs for businesses.
Drive up debt that has been issued in dollars
Nations and companies that have issued dollar-denominated debt might face challenges as the value of their domestic currency may depreciate relative to the dollar, drastically increasing the cost of servicing the debt.
For emerging market economies, the risk and costs involved will be more severe as a further weakening of their currency against the USD could lead to budgetary pressures, economic instability, and potential sovereign default risks.
Investors are likely to reassess their appetite for dollar-denominated debt from countries undergoing de-dollarisation as well. Faced with higher currency risk, investors will demand higher yields as compensation, making it more expensive for these countries to access international capital markets. This could limit their ability to raise funds for development and investment projects.
Could de-dollarisation really happen?
One thing to note is that the scenarios listed above are just possibilities, which means it is unlikely to happen in the near future. While there have been efforts by countries like China and Russia to promote the use of their own currencies, the USD still accounts for the majority of cross-border payments.
The pace of de-dollarisation efforts is also uncertain, with some countries and regions moving faster than others. The success of these efforts will depend on a variety of factors, including political stability, economic growth, and technological advancements.
While there may be growing interest in diversifying currency reserves, concerns about the viability and readiness of alternative currencies persist. The complexities and uncertainties surrounding alternative currencies, combined with the intricate web of global financial relationships, indicate that a complete de-dollarisation in the near future is highly improbable.
Hedge against currency volatility with Wallex
Fluctuations in currency values are a given, and the best way to hedge your risk is to diversify your currency holdings. Wallex lets you do just that with its Multi-Currency Account, allowing you to hold 13 top global and Asian currencies including the GBP, EUR, SGD, CHF, and JPY.
The Multi-Currency Account also makes it possible for you to hold currencies for as long as you want, so you can easily manage your currencies and time your conversions to when rates are favourable.
Wallex, however, does more than help you hedge against currency volatility. Our platform takes away the complexities and costs that businesses face when moving money across borders. Payments are faster and easier with Local transfers, collections can be made in 36 different currencies, and you can enjoy round-the-clock support from a dedicated Account Manager should you encounter any issue.
Learn more about Wallex here or get in touch today!
The Ultimate Checklist: What Does a Top-Notch B2B Payment Solutions Provider Look Like?
Historically, international payments were always time-consuming and arduous.
Only about two decades ago, making a cross-border payment would require you to go to your local bank and fill up a transfer form manually. In addition, these global payments always came with a hefty fee, be it a markup on the FX conversion rates or the bank’s fees.
This, obviously, did not last because time is money, and this gruelling process was a gargantuan obstacle for global expansion.
In the last two decades, the world has seen the rapid evolution of international payment systems and services. So much so, we’re at a point where trillions of dollars in hundreds of different currencies can flow across borders in real time. This is thanks to both the banks’ innovative approaches, the establishment of global networks,and the rise of specialist payment providers, like Wallex, that offer an alternative.
FinTech companies not only reduce the barriers to entry for international payments, they’re also fully compliant with local regulations, transparent, may offer API solutions, and possibly an even better customer experience.
The importance of a long-term global payment service provider
As innovation comes and goes, so do payment service providers (PSPs). Case in point, in 2023, American Express announced the termination of its foreign exchange services for business clients. Consequently, their clients have no choice but to seek an alternative PSP before the company officially halts its services.
Depending on the timeline given, it has the potential to impact day-to-day operations and lead to even greater risks.
But on the flip side, if the selection of a PSP is done right, it permits your business to scale up more efficiently, without incurring the hefty cost of constantly switching between PSPs.
With that said, whether you’re seeking an alternative to AMEX or on the hunt for a new global payment service provider (PSP), here are five items you should consider.
Reliability
AKA, anti-fragile, pivots on one notion — avoiding causes of operational delays.
In the payments industry, there are certain periods where there is a heightened demand for international transfers or foreign currency exchange. These may be predictable periods such as local holiday seasons or unpredictable periods such as global trade conflicts.
A reliable PSP platform must have the capability of withstanding high volumes without any service disruption. This not only avoids any potential delay of the payment, it also prevents slippage if foreign currency exchange is involved.
Above that, the reliability of the PSP also involves the longevity of the platform. In the event of an exit (like AMEX), customers have no choice but to re-set up their cross-border transaction operation with another global payment solution provider. This, of course, will eat up time and effort, at the very least. And at worst, it may cause further disruption and bottlenecks in international operations or cash flow issues.
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Read more: Top 4 Ways To Make Overseas Payments For Businesses 2023
Security
The security of a platform comes in two facets — reconciliation and compliance.
Reconciliation is the process in which the two sets of records (the originator’s and the beneficiary’s records) are checked against each other to ensure consistency. In practice, this process typically involves checking invoices against bank statements and making sure that the payment is made correctly. And if there are any inconsistencies, a good PSP makes it easy for its users to reconcile the transactions.
Compliance helps businesses avoid regulatory scrutiny. This is especially important in international transactions, which may require compliance with two or more different jurisdictions. If a PSP is not compliant with local regulations, there is always the risk that the funds will get held up before reaching their intended destination.
Additionally, both reconciliation and compliance provide clients with another level of protection against fraud by preventing engagement with non-compliant businesses or sanctioned countries.
Platform versatility
Your business isn’t static; your PSP shouldn’t either.
In a world where the slightest competitive advantage can set you apart from competitors, you should ensure your PSP is also providing access to the most powerful technology in the market.
Not just that, as your business grows, your payment needs will also grow. For instance, you may not require advanced features such as bulk payments, payment automation, or the maker-checker process now, but this may change as your business expands into different countries.
Having a platform that has a suite of products lets you scale up your processes without having to migrate to a new PSP.
User-friendliness
Integrating a new software/ecosystem is always painful. That’s because it requires internal teams to rejig existing processes and go through a steep learning curve to adapt quickly.
A great PSP pays attention to this through simple user interfaces that allow users to navigate through and utilise the platform, even without much prior training. It includes everything from the onboarding journey, right through confirming a payment.
This is pivotal for companies who are migrating from one platform to another, yet still want to avoid any operational hindrances.
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Read more: Is Wallex A Good Alternative To DBS For International Payments?
Customer support
In unprecedented situations, customer support is the handyman that will help you resolve issues promptly. Not resolving them in the quickest manner possible may lead to unprecedented costs. In less eventful periods, on the other hand, can help clients or users find ways to optimise their cross-border payments.
Customer support is also crucial in resolving disputes and chargebacks in cases such as fraudulent transactions, billing discrepancies, or even delivery disputes. Above all, having great customer support (at an arm’s length) showcases the PSP’s commitment to customer satisfaction.
Final thoughts
As the world becomes more and more interconnected, international business and trade is the natural progression. But, whether this is an opportunity, or a challenge depends heavily on the PSP.
Choosing the right global payment service provider is not just about cost, but also reliability, security, platform versatility, user-friendliness, and customer support. These are the differences between a good and a great PSP.
If you’re looking for an alternative to your current payment service provider, check out Wallex. Our 98% positive reviews are a testament that we are committed to serving our clients with the highest standards, rain or shine. Supporting your business is our business.
Sirclo sebagai E-commerce Enabler terbesar di Indonesia, menghemat waktu dan biayanya menggunakan Wallex
"Kami dapat menghemat waktu setiap minggunya dengan platform online Wallex"
Jane Aprillia Gosal, Manajer Keuangan, SIRCLO
Latar Belakang
SIRCLO sebuah perusahaan teknologi dan e-commerce enabler di Indonesia, mendukung bisnis untuk menjual secara online dengan menawarkan 2 kategori solusi utama; solusi dan Perusahaan. Pada kategori wirausaha, SIRCLO menawarkan platform pengelolaan toko online bagi UKM untuk berjualan di 3 platform yang berbeda (website, marketplace, chat commerce), yaitu SIRCLO Store. Pada kategori enterprise, SIRCLO menawarkan layanan end-to-end e-commerce enabler melalui SIRCLO Commerce dan solusi untuk pengembangan teknologi omnichannel melalui ICUBE by SIRCLO.
Secara keseluruhan, SIRCLO telah membantu lebih dari 100.000 merek untuk mengembangkan bisnis online mereka. Solusi SIRCLO telah dipercaya oleh merek lokal Indonesia seperti ATS The Label, Benscrub, Evete Naturals, Namaste Organic, This Is April dan Heytimmy Kidswear, serta dipercaya oleh merek-merek Internsional seperti Unilever, Reckitt Benckiser, KAO, L'Oréal, dan Levi's .
SIRCLO mengintegrasikan perangkat lunak atau vendor dari beberapa negara di luar Indonesia untuk mengaktifkan beberapa layanan mereka dan perlu untuk melakukan transaksi ke berbagai negara, termasuk Singapura, Amerika Serikat, Cina, dll dari kantor pusat mereka di Jakarta, Indonesia.
Sejak salah satu grup perusahaannya beralih ke Wallex, pengalaman positif telah mendorong banyak entitas perusahaan menggunakan Wallex untuk melakukan pembayaran internasional dari Indonesia.
Tantangan
1. Batas transaksi perbankan online
Meskipun sebagian besar bank di Indonesia menawarkan layanan berbasis online, mereka hanya dapat melakukan untuk pembayaran jumlah kecil dengan batas USD 25.000. Untuk transaksi bernilai tinggi, wajib mengunjungi cabang bank. Mereka dapat melakukan beberapa transaksi bernilai rendah melalui perbankan online, tetapi ini berarti pengguna masih perlu pergi ke cabang bank untuk transaksi dalam jumlah besar.
2. Kurang Efisien
Batasan transaksi harian, ditambah dengan jam operasional bank yang terbatas, dapat menghabiskan waktu yang tidak efisien dalam melakukan pembayaran lintas negara - membutuhkan waktu hingga 3 jam untuk melakukan satu transaksi. Belum lagi, rumitnya untuk mengisi dokumen setiap kali ingin melakukan transaksi internasional.
3. Biaya transfer & nilai tukar yang tinggi
Karena bank membebankan biaya sesuai persentase (%), maka transaksi yang bernilai tinggi juga akan membebankan biaya yang besar. Mengingat kebutuhan bisnis untuk memindahkan uang dalam jumlah besar, ini berarti biaya besar yang dikeluarkan di semua pembayaran FX.
Solusi
Dengan penawaran flat-fee dari Wallex Indonesia dan tidak membebankan berdasarkan persentase dari nilai transaksi, SIRCLO mampu menghemat sejumlah besar biaya dan mencapai efisiensi yang lebih tinggi dalam pengeluaran perusahaan.
Platform online Wallex sangat mudah digunakan dan menghemat banyak waktu, tanpa harus melakukan kunjungan ke cabang bank.
"Kami juga tidak perlu mengajukan banyak dokumen, menghemat waktu dan menyelamatkan bumi dengan menghemat penggunaan kertas!"
Hasil
Sekarang, dengan menggunakan platform online Wallex dan pengalaman pembayaran yang lebih simple, tim Keuangan SIRCLO menghemat waktu setiap minggunya dan memperoleh keuntung sebagai berikut:
- Kemampuan untuk melakukan transaksi kapan saja, dari mana saja, tanpa harus pergi ke bank
- Hanya membutuhkan waktu 15 menit untuk melakukan pembayaran (sebelumnya 3 jam)
- Kebutuhan dokumen lebih simple
- Memanfaatkan biaya flat-fee dari Wallex untuk pembayaran internasional (yang sebelumnya menghitung biaya % untuk setiap transaksi)
- Tersedia harga yang kompetitif dibandingkan dengan Bank dan alternatif pembayaran lainnya.
Fokus terhadap pengembangan bisnis Anda dan percayakan urusan pembayaran dengan Wallex.
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